Akoranga 10 Mahi Tuatahi ^🔗

Name or create these ionic compounds! Bonus, count up the number of each type of element in the atom.

1. Sodium Nitrate
2. Sodium Sulfate
3. Sodium Phosphate
4. $MgN$
5. $CaS$
6. $FeI_{3}$

Ngā Whāinga Ako ^🔗

1. Explain the pH scale and use it to determine if a substances is an acid, base, or neutral
2. Can use a range of indicators to identify acids and bases

Write the date and ngā whāinga ako in your book

Acids ^🔗

• Taste sour
• Are red-orange-yellow in universal indicator
• pH 0-6
• In lots of citrus fruits
• $H^{+}$ ions make a solution acidic!

Bases / Alkali ^🔗

• Soapy/slippery
• Are blue-purple in universal indicator
• pH 8-14
• Used in cleaners commonly
• $OH^{-}$ ions make a solution basic/alkali!

Neutral ^🔗

• In the middle of the scale is water
• Water has an equal amount (or no) $H^{+}$ and $OH^{-1}$ ions!
• It is green in universal indicator

Akoranga 16 Mahi Tuatahi ^🔗

1. What is the name of element $Ne$?
2. What is the atomic number of element $Ca$?
3. How many electrons does the element $C$ have?
4. Draw an electron configuration diagram for an element with 17 electrons
5. What element has 17 electrons?
6. Protons are positive (T/F)
7. Electrons exist inside the nucleus of the atom (T/F)
8. Atoms are neutral overall (T/F)

9. What colours do acids turn universal indicator?
10. What ion causes a solution to be acidic?
11. Water will change the colour of litmus paper (T/F)
12. Sodium hydroxide is an acid (T/F)
13. Give the name of this ionic compound: $CuSO_{4}$
14. Write the formula of potassium phosphate
15. Red litmus paper goes blue in the presence of an acid (T/F)

Common Acids and Bases ^🔗

• Acids
  • Hydrochloric Acid ($HCl$)
  • Sulphuric Acid ($H_{2}SO_{4}$)
  • Nitric Acids ($HNO_{3}$)
  • Citric Acid (in sour things)
• Bases
  • Sodium Hydroxide ($NaOH$)
  • Potassium Hydroxide ($KOH$)
  • Barium Hydroxide ($Ba(OH)_{2}$)

Balancing Reactions ^🔗

• When writing chemical formula, it is important that there are the same number of each atom on each side of the equation.

\begin{aligned} NaOH + HCl \rightarrow NaCl + H_{2}O \end{aligned}

• Pātai: How many of each atom on each side of the equation?

Neutralisation Reaction ^🔗

A reaction between acid and base is called a neutralisation reaction.

\begin{aligned} acid + base &\rightarrow salt + water \newline \text{hydrochloric acid} + \text{sodium hydroxide} &\rightarrow \text{sodium chloride} + water \newline HCl + NaOH &\rightarrow NaCl + H_{2}O \end{aligned}