Stop after 3min.

Ngā Whāinga Ako ^🔗

1. Describe the composition of air and how this changes during breathing
2. Explain how the respiration system works
3. Describe and explain the function of the lungs, bronchioles, alveoli

Write the date and te whāinga ako in your book

Recall: Respiration ^🔗

• Pātai: What is respiration?
  • Respiration is the process that all organisms do to create energy for life (MRS C GREN)
• Pātai: What is needed to do respiration?
  • Oxygen and sugar are necessary for respiration
• Pātai: What are the byproducts of respiration?
  • Carbon dioxide, water and energy are produced by respiration

Respiration as an Equation ^🔗

\begin{aligned} sugar + oxygen &\rightarrow carbon\ dioxide + water + energy \newline C_{6}H_{12}O_{6} + 6O_{2} &\rightarrow 6CO_{2} + 6H_{2}O + energy \end{aligned}

• Pātai: How do we get sugar for respiration?
  • We get sugar for respiration from food
• Pātai: How do we get oxygen for respiration?
  • We get oxygen for respiration from breathing
• Pātai: How does oxygen from the air get to our cells?
  • Oxygen from the air we breathe is absorbed into our blood via structures in our lungs.

Comparison/Whakatairite: Inhaled vs Exhaled Air ^🔗

Make two small columns in your book titled Inhaled and Exhaled

• Inhaled
  • High oxygen concentration
  • Low water concentration
  • Low carbon dioxide concentration
• Exhaled
  • Low oxygen concentration
  • Higher water concentration
  • High carbon dioxide concentration

The Anatomy of Breathing ^🔗

1. Air enters your trachea (windpipe) through your mouth
2. Your trachea splits into two bronchi - one bronchus for each lung
3. Inside the lung, each bronchus splits into many bronchioles
4. Each bronchiole attaches to a tiny inflatable air sac called an alveoli

Adaptations of Alveoli ^🔗

5. Each alveoli is surrounded by capillaries which allow $O_{2}, CO_{2}$ and $H_{2}O$ to diffuse
   • Alveoli are tiny to increase surface area for maximum diffusion
   • Alveoli have a moist walls to maintain their shape and allow diffusion of gases
   • Alveoli have a wall one cell thick to allow gas diffusion